Researchers have identified 10 blood markers that help predict who is more likely to reach age 100. Centenarians—once rare—are now the fastest-growing age group worldwide, prompting scientists to study what sets them apart biologically.
A long-term Swedish study followed 44,637 adults for up to 35 years. Of these, 1,224 reached 100, most of them women. Researchers analyzed 12 common blood markers, including glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, liver enzymes, iron, uric acid, and albumin, to see if earlier-life levels predicted exceptional longevity.
The results showed that extreme highs or lows in many markers reduced the odds of reaching 100. Centenarians typically had lower glucose, creatinine, and uric acid levels from their 60s onward. Low cholesterol and iron were linked to lower odds of longevity, while higher total cholesterol appeared beneficial in very old age.
Overall, balanced, mid-range blood values—not extremes—were most associated with living to 100. While the study doesn’t prove which lifestyle or genetic factors cause these differences, nutrition, alcohol intake, and general metabolic health likely play roles.
For individuals, the takeaway is to maintain healthy blood sugar, kidney and liver function, and avoid nutrient deficiencies or overload. Tracking your lab results and focusing on sustainable habits like good diet, exercise, and sleep may improve long-term health odds.